REVIEW   

Minerva Dental and Oral Science 2024 October;73(5):294-302

DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6329.23.04891-X

Copyright © 2023 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

lingua: Inglese

Correlation between rheumatoid arthritis and chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Deepika RAK ¹, Anita M. KULLOLI ¹, Sharath K. SHETTY ¹, Snehasish TRIPATHY ², Ankita MATHUR ¹, Vini MEHTA ² ✉, Marco CICCIÙ ³, Giuseppe MINERVINI ^{4, 5}

¹ Department of Periodontology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India; ² Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India; ³ Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, Italy; ⁴ Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; ⁵ Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this article is to summarize, compare, and assess possible association in individuals with or without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for periodontitis.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Three study repositories were searched for quantitative studies examining the relationship between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis between 2000 and December 2022. Quality was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). The standardized mean difference (SMD), with a random effect model and a P value of 0.05 as the significance level, was utilized as a summary statistic measure.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Fourteen papers were included in the descriptive synthesis. Thirteen were qualified for meta-analysis. Our findings suggest a link between the two conditions in terms of clinical attachment levels (CAL), tooth loss, Plaque Index, and probing depth. The estimated SMD for CAL was found to be 0.68 (95% CI: 0.15-1.21) (P<0.01). For tooth loss, the forest plot analysis revealed an SMD of 1.62 (95% CI: 0.48-2.76) (P=0.005). Similarly, for pocket depth, the SMD was 0.53; CI: 0.07-0.99 (P>0.05). The pooled estimates for plaque index were 0.29; CI: 0.03-0.61 (P>0.05). The funnel plot showed a symmetric distribution with the absence of systematic heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS: Although our data suggest a link between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis, larger population-based investigations are needed to validate this connection. Case-control studies must pave the way to more rigorous investigations with well-defined populations and clinical outcomes as primary outcome measures.

KEY WORDS: Inflammation; Periodontitis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Systematic review